Domestic thorium strategy positions India among handful of nations with large reserves

India’s three‑stage nuclear programme gradually shifts from a uranium‑based fuel cycle to a thorium‑centric one, reflecting the country’s vast thorium deposits.

The strategy, conceived during a period of international fuel restrictions, seeks self‑reliance by developing the entire thorium fuel chain—from mining and processing to reactor design and waste management.

With one of the world’s largest thorium reserves, India aims to turn this resource into a long‑term clean‑energy cornerstone, reducing dependence on imported uranium and enhancing energy security.

Experts say successful implementation will boost indigenous research, create high‑tech jobs and position India as a leader in next‑generation nuclear technology.