India has been a crucial strategic partner for both the United States and Russia for decades. Amidst the ongoing tariff disputes with the US and the rapidly changing global landscape, the question arises: why has PM Modi become so essential for these two superpowers? This question is particularly relevant given that both leaders appeared eager to congratulate PM Modi on his 75th birthday. Former US President Donald Trump addressed PM Modi as “Narendra” and called him a friend, while Russian President Vladimir Putin praised PM Modi’s contributions. Trump, while extending birthday greetings to PM Modi, attempted to mitigate the strained relations following the 50% tariff imposed by the US on India. Trump posted on social media, addressing PM Modi as “Narendra” and reiterated his friendship, stating that he had a “wonderful talk” with PM Modi and wished him well for his continued efforts. He also thanked Modi for his support in ending the war between Russia and Ukraine.
Putin also sent birthday wishes to PM Modi. In his message, the Russian President acknowledged PM Modi’s personal efforts in strengthening bilateral relations, noting that Modi had earned respect among the citizens and has significant influence on the global stage. He highlighted the remarkable achievements of India under PM Modi’s leadership in social, economic, scientific, and technological sectors. Russia continues to supply oil and arms to India. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute indicates that India imported 36% of its arms from Russia between 2019 and 2023. India imports around 88% of its oil needs. According to the Ministry of Commerce data, India sourced approximately 35% of its oil imports from Russia in 2024-25. Following the sanctions imposed on Russia after the Ukraine war, Russia has become a major oil supplier to India.
India is the largest trading partner of the United States. In 2024-25, trade between the two countries amounted to $131.84 billion. India also procures high-tech weapons from the US. Additionally, India conducts trade worth approximately $41 billion annually with the US. In August, the total exports of goods and services between the two countries were $69.16 billion, while imports were around $79.04 billion. In the first five months of the current fiscal year (April-August 2025), petroleum products ($13.26 billion), coal and coke ($2 billion), electronic goods ($9.73 billion), chemicals ($2.49 billion), vegetable oils ($2 billion), and fertilizers ($1.65 billion) were at the forefront of imports.
In international politics, India has never been part of any single military or political group. India has always maintained an independent and impartial stance in international politics. As such, both powerful countries want to maintain a balance with India. If America and Russia are important for India, it is also difficult for America and Russia to move forward without India in the current situation. China still poses a major challenge for both countries.
